A hands on activity by anthea hudson the increasing salinity of our rivers is of real concern, in many ways, one of which is the effect on naturally occuring plants which grow within the rivers ecosystem, and plants that we humans use this water on as well. Yates united states department of agriculture, agricultural research. The salt tolerance of vegetables has been condensed and reported in a. During the experimental period plant growth dry matter, shoot to root dry mass ratio, leaf area, relative growth rate, and net assimilation rate, leaf temperature. Effect of sodium chloride salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of trigonella foenumgraecum l. The influence of salinity on the growth and reproduction of. College of agriculture, navsari agricultural university, navsari email. In addition, many nutrient interactions in saltstressed plants can occur. Advisory officer, natural resource advisory services, wagga wagga. The effect of salinity on plant available water anna sheldon 1, neal w.
The effect of salt water on plant growth by andrew ceonzo. In the present study also the speed of germination was reduced i. Effect of salinity on rhizobium growth and survival. Pdf the effect of salinity on plant available water. Due to osmosis, water naturally moves from an area containing less salt to an area containing more salt. Effect of soil salinity on growth, water status and nutrient. How does salinity affect plant growth and what can be done. In this study, we investigated the effects of saline water irrigation on soil properties and plant growth along the taklimakan desert highway shelterbelt. Effects of salinity, imazethapyr, and chlorimuron application on soybean growth and yield sharon k. Effects of abiotic stress on plants university of liverpool. The more salt that accumulates in the soil from irrigation and natural occurrence, the more energy that a plant must expend to draw water from the soil into its roots. Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies. Question does the amount of salt added to the water that plants are watered with effect plant growth.
The salinity notably affects germination in many species but also lengthens the time needed to complete germination amir et al. The effects of salinity on growth, water relations, glycinebetaine content, and ion accumulation in the perennial halophyte atriplex griffithii var. To determine how dormancy might be regulated, lina duan surveyed the role of different plant hormones in this process and found that abscisic acid was the key signaling molecule. It was found that the general trend of the treatment reflects a gradual decrease in the number of plant leaves with the increase of salt concentration, compared with the plants of the control experiment, except for the 60 mm treatment, which did not lead to the decrease in the. These results are in conformity with many studies on the effects of salinity on agricultural plants like cotton and leguminous plants e.
Water, salinity, and nitrogen affecting sunflower growth. Salt accumulation in soils affects plant growth to. The present study was designed to study the effect of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth and acid phosphatase activities in romaine and vista. Effect of salinisation of soil on growth and macro and micronutrient. The major inhibitory effect of salinity on plant growth and development has been attributed to osmotic inhibition of water availability as well as the toxic effect of. Journal of fruit and ornamental plant research vol. Salinity, predominantly caused by excess sodium chloride nacl in the soil, is a serious problem throughout australia restricting agricultural productivity and degrading the natural environment. Research article 56 salt tolerance and effects of salinity on. Limited information exists on the response of soybeans to a combination of salinity and herbicide treatment. A salinity affect plant at all stages of growth and development but sensitivity sometimes varies from one growth. Alleviation of salinityinduced oxidative stress, improvement. Excess salts in the root zone hinder plant roots from withdrawing water from surrounding soil. Effect of different salinity levels on radish seed germination experimental site the research work was conducted at the molecular horticulture lab.
Salinity prevents the plants from taking up the proper balance of nutrients require for healthy growth. Effect of salinity stress on growth performance of citronella. By decreasing the osmotic potential of th e soil solution, plant access to. Salinity becomes a problem when enough salts accumulate in the root zone to negatively affect plant growth. The purpose of this agriculture note is to briefly outline some of the effects of salinity on plant growth, predominantly forage species. Publications a variety of sorghum, sensitive to salinity, growing in sand culture and watered with a nutrient solution containing increasing concentrations of. Salinity resistance and plant growth revisited neumann. Plant parasitic nematodes and food security in subsaharan africa. Effects of salinity and specific ions on seedling emergence. Salinity is the accumulation of salts often dominated by sodium chloride in soil and water to levels that impact on human and natural assets e. Although onions were shown to accumulate cl ions in plant top, the deleterious effect of cl seems to appear after seedling growth is first curtailed by salinity. The salt tolerance of vegetables has been condensed and reported in a uniform format based on the best available data. Research article 56 salt tolerance and effects of salinity. The influence of salinity on the growth and reproduction.
Each plant exhibited optimum growth at a different salt concentration depending on its salt tolerance. Measurement of ph and salinity is not difficult and many machines are available at a reasonable cost, so that routine measurements should be part of good nursery management. An efficient antioxidant mechanism was present in quinoa, activated by salts during germination and early seedling growth, as shown by the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Aquatic biology aduate studies utah state university logan, utah 1963.
Salinity effects are attributed, mainly, to the decrease of soil water potential or the increase of ion concentration in plant tissue to levels that interfere with metabolism 44. The plant height reduction varied among the genotypes. Some plants will tolerate high levels of salinity while others can tolerate little or no salinity. Salinity inhibition of plant growth is the result of osmotic and ionic effects and the different plant species have developed different mechanisms to cope with these effects munns, 2002. Effects of salinity and sodicity on plant growth annual. Effect of salinity on rhizobium growth and survival p. Effects of salt stress on plant growth, stomatal response and. In arid and semiarid regions, limited water and hot dry climates frequently increase salinity levels that limit or prevent crop production michael et al. Plant species vary in how well they tolerate saltaffected soils. Effect of salinity on tomato lycopersicon esculentum mill.
Basics of salinity and sodicity effects on soil physical. Effect of saline water on seed germination and early seedling. Effect of salinity on plant growth and biological activities. These two varieties were selected as representatives of different lettuce genotypes with varying salt tolerance, based on initial germination. In saline soil, salt induced water deficit is one of the major constraints for plant growth. Effects of soil salinity on plant growth salt stress is one of the major abiotic threats to plant life and plant agriculture worldwide and significantly reduces crop yield in affected areas. A further study of table 2 clearly shows that the effect of soil salinity on plant height was significant at various stages of growth.
Increase in plant growth was due to os motic adjustment and. A handson activity by anthea hudson the increasing salinity of our rivers is of real concern, in many ways, one of which is the effect on naturally occuring plants which grow within the rivers ecosystem, and plants that we humans use this water on as well. Effect of salinity stress on the growth of authorstream. Papiernik united states department of agriculture, agricultural research service, soil management research, morris, mn, usa catherine m. This ability to track root growth in real time led the scientists to observe that branching roots entered a dormant phase of growth as salt was introduced. Effects of salinity, imazethapyr, and chlorimuron application. Effect on plant growth of sodium salts in the soil by frank b. Salinity becomes a concern when an excessive amount or concentration of soluble salts occurs in the soil, either naturally or as a result of mismanaged irrigation water. Limited differences between cultivars for salt tolerance were seen during vegetative growth. Effect of salinity stress on growth performance of. Perennial plants seem to handle salinity better than annual plants. Effects of salinity on plant growth and crop yields. Background research salinity is when soluble salts are at. Excessive salt above what plants need limits plant growth and productivity and can lead to plant death.
Effect of saline water irrigation on soil development and. Salinity is an excess of salts in the plant, soil andor water. The higher levels of soil salinity were found to have an adverse effect on plant height of the crops. Bohlool2 department of agronomy and soil sciences and department of microbiology,2 university of hawaii, honolulu, hawaii 96822 received 25 february 1982accepted 18 may 1982. Effects of salinity on substrate grown vegetables and. Effects of nacl on plant growth parameters and rwc after 14 days of growing under different nacl concentrations control 0 mm, low 50 mm, moderate 100 mm, and high 150 mm, the two pistachio cultivars exhibited some differences in terms of growth measurements.
Salinity effect on plant growth and other physiological processes article pdf available in acta physiologiae plantarum 152. Effect of salinity on germination, seedling growth and acid. Lack of flowing fresh water to flush our rivers, salts and other minerals etc in our water supply, along with other problems, all contribute to this. Alleviated effect of salinity stress by exogenous application. Kaushik a dissertation submitted ip partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in. By decreasing the osmotic potential of the soil solution, plant access to soil water is decreased, because of the decrease in total soil water potential. Effects of nacl on seed germination in some species. Question if salt water will have a good affect or bad affect on plant growth. Effects of salinity and drought on growth, ionic relations. Results presented in table 2 showed that higher levels of salinity decrease leaf number throughout the experiment.
Effect of salinity on germination, growth and yield of. Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, chemical toxicity and oxidative stress are serious threats to. The cl concentration of the plant top was higher than that in the roots, when its concentration in the irrigation solution exceeded approximately 10 me l1. In some cases, salinity also has a toxic effect on plant, because of the high concentration of certain salts in the soil. The relative growth of plants in the presence of salinity is termed their salt tolerance. The regional institute the effect of salinity on plant. Pdf salinity effect on plant growth and other physiological. Effects of abiotic stress on plants the university of liverpool. Growth of plants was stimulated by salt and their optimum growth was at 7.
The influence of salinity on the growth and reproduction of marsh plant s by d. Effect of salt stress on plant growth and metabolism of. Experiment and find out how varying degrees of salinity affect plants. Plant growth promoting effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria pgpr strain pseudomonas fluorescens. Scopieid, agriculturist in charge, office of western irrigation agriculture, bureau of plant industry introduction. Effects of water, salt and nitrogen stress on sunflower. Effect of salinity on germination, growth and yield of radish. They are involved in plant nutrition and soil fertility and can be manipulated to ensure that their effects do not limit plant growth. The major inhibitory effect of salinity on plant growth has been.
Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance. Current estimates indicate that 10 35% of the worlds agricultural land is now affected, with very significant areas becoming unusable each year. Salinity is an important abiotic stress factor seriously affecting plant growth, productivity, fruit yield and survival. Effects of nacl on seed germination in some species from. Agrotechnology discipline, khulna university, khulna during december 2012. Agrotechnology discipline, khulna university, khulna during december 2012 to march 20. In the present study, we were interested in the effect of salt stress on phenolic and carotenoid contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of two varieties of carthamus tinctorius jawhara and 104 flowers. When soils in arid regions of the world are irrigated, solutes from the irrigation water can accumulate and eventually reach levels that have an adverse affect on plant growth. Effect of salinity on germination, seedling growth and. It is also often confused with sodicity sodium problems, but it must be. Strong water deficit and salt stress both caused inhibition of growth, degradation of photosynthetic.
G2 suffer less the effect of the salinity, in fact at s65 and s plants were 9. By anthea hudson salinity is becoming an increasing problem along waterways, on irrigated land, deserts and other areas, worldwide. The pot experiment was undertaken during rabi season of 200405 and 200506. Hypothesis that regular unsalted wager will be better for plant growth because i feel like any amount of salt water will act like acid rain. Salinity, plant available water, red ferrosols, wheat. Effects of salt stress on plant growth, stomatal response. It is an often underestimated problem in agriculture, as it can often build up over time and persist with subclinical effects before it reaches a level where it is noticeable. Jan 23, 20 this ability to track root growth in real time led the scientists to observe that branching roots entered a dormant phase of growth as salt was introduced. Generally, the effect of salinity and here we are concerned primarily with nacl as these ions are the commonest cause of salinity on plants have been determined not in terms of survival, but in its effect on vegetative growth. Bhatti and amar nath pandey department of biosciences, saurashtra university rajkot 360005, india.
Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 2016, 16 4, 10241037 than 8 million hectares of farmland. Dec 08, 2011 a study was conducted using ten genetically diverse genotypes along with their 45f 1 generated by diallel mating under normal and salt stress conditions. To overcome this shortage, saline groundwater is increasingly being used, although it has risks of increasing soil salinity and causing plant salt toxicity. Growth parameters affected were root and shoot length, root morphology, fresh and dry weight, and water content. Headley, superintendent, truckeecarson field station, k. Stomatal response of the salttolerant genotype was not affected by salinity. Salinity has a dual effect on plant growth via an osmotic effect on plant water uptake, and specific ion toxicities.
Growth clearly is a key parameter in both ecological and agricultural contexts. The effect of sodium chloride nacl concentrations 0. Effect of salinity on growth of some modern rice cultivars. The goal of the experiment is to determine if there is a direct relationship between salinity of water and plant growth. Effect of salt stress on plant growth and metabolism of bean. Salt stress reduced plant growth of all genotypes but the genotypes br5033 and br5011 were characterized as the most salttolerant and saltsensitive, respectively. Scopieid, agriculturist in charge, office of western. An index combining all plant parameters measured, suggested that v2, v3, v5 and br23 were relatively tolerant of salinity than others. Effects of salinity on spartilla iliata december1992. Salinity reduces the ability of plants to utilize water and causes reduction in growth rate, as well as changes in plant metabolic processes.
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